The Element Fluorine takes place in our Nature

By Ivane Care Baluran

    What will happen to us when fluorine will be takes place in our nature? What is the effect of fluorine not only for our nature but also to people?
     Fluorine is a non-metallic element. The presence of small quantities in water supplies has been found to promote strong resistance to dental decay.
     Fluorine is a robust element cannot be rebuffing it even though the glass laboratory apparatus when exposed in fluorine gas it will burn because of most violent properties. Yet, the fluorine help the industrial applications to prevent fuel tank diffusion not only that, but to supply sulphur hexafluoride. '
     Foremost of time fluorine has been identified of two Universities successfully the natural elemental fluorine in fluorspar this are Technisiche Universitaet Muenchen (TUM) and the Ludwid-Maximilliams-University Munich (LMU) according to Wikipedia.
    The chemist Friedrich Woehler and Justus Von Liebig was curious about the unpleasant and pungent smell. So, the two chemists proposed to study about the pungent smell of a fluorite.
     The 19F-NMR spectroscopy used to identify the presence of fluorine in our nature. When Florian Kraus of Department of Chemistry from (TUM) identified it they discovered that fluorine is non-destructively in our natural environment. There's no effect to human beings the fluorine when you know how careful handling the element especially when you conduct an experiment.

Nano – FTIR – The Brandest period in modern analytical Chemistry

By: Bernie Galve Non-invasive chemical mapping of materials with the use of the nanometer scale resolution is the ultimate objective in modern chemistry. There are different high-resolution techniques for imaging such as electron microscopy or scanning probe microscopy. In spite of this, the demands for modern chemical nano-analytics cannot be reached by the chemical sensitivity of these. For instance, an optical spectroscopy has higher level of chemical sensitivity but however it has low quality of resolution. This kind of resolution cannot give you a hundred percent kind of result you want. It is limited by means of diffraction to about half the wavelength. This prevents the nanoscale have resolved chemical mapping. With the use of nano-FTIR, mapping of materials and its nanoscale chemical identification become even more greater/ this is an optical techniques that joins the Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and scattering-type scanning near-field optical microscopy (s-SNOM). The metalized tip of an atomic force microscope also known as AFM should be illuminate together with a broadband laser, and understanding the light which is backscattered with a Fourier Transform spectrometer that is specially designed, the researchers become more capable in demonstrating the local infrared and spectroscopy. This could be together with a spatial resolution of not more than 20 nm. “Nano-FTIR enables one for a reliable and fast chemical identification of almost any active material that is infrared on the nanometer scale”, says Florian Huth, who did the experiments. The good thing about this is that they are fit with the convential FTIR spectra. On the other hand the spatial resolution is increased with the use of not less than a factor of 300 differentiates to infrared conventional spectroscopy. The leader of the Nan optics group at nanoGUNE said that the high sensitivity to chemical composition combined with the ultra – high resolution. This makes this toll very unique for quality control, research and development in the polymer chemistry, pharmaceutical and biomedicine industry. Contamination of nano-FTIR on the chemical identification. A little sample contaminant can be seen on the next to a thin film of PMMA on a Sisubstrate which is the dark region. The contrast on the mechanical phase image indicates that the particles are composed of different materials than the substrate and film. Another example, for the chemical identification of nanoscale a nano-FTIR can be applied for sample of contaminations. The AFM phase of this can tell that there are 100 nm size contaminations. This determination of the chemical identity stills the same elusive. It can be determined as PDMS if they can record that the local infrared spectrum in the middle of the particle being compared to the standard FTIR spectra and its database are seen with the use of a nano-FTIR.

The New Born Subatomic Particle

by: Ivane Care C. Baluran

   Have you ever dream to propose or will be named to you the thing they discover? Higgs Boson named for Peter Higgs and one of those who proposed the new subatomic particle. The Higgs Boson was discovered by the two teams: the CMR and the ATLAS and also Peter Higgs at Large Hadron Collider (LHC) in Switzerland.

   The Higgs Boson was discovered by studying about matter also from the theories of Gauge Theory, Glashow's electroweek theory also called the Standard Model and Gold Stone's Theorem.

   The Physicist who theorized the Higgs Boson are Francois Englert, Robert Brout in August 1964, Peter Higgs in October 1964, Gerald Guralnik, C.R. Hagen and Tom Kibble (GHK) in November 1964.

   The Higgs Mechanism was first applied by Steven Weinberg and Abdus Salam. They made the Higgs mechanism for the breaking of the electroweek symmetry. Only the massive boson can decay and the decays can prove the mechanism.

   According to Wikipedia, Higgs Boson is the massive and fleetingly short-lived boson associated with a Higgs Field and also the Higgs Field's smallest possible excitation, or quantum. The Higgs Boson is formed from a simulated collision between two photons. The same with photons, higgs boson have no mass at all.

The higgs boson symbol is H⁰ and the mass is 125.3^{+_ 0.6 GeV /} C^{2, 126 GeV/}C²

Higgs Boson has zero spin, electric charge and color change. And also according to wikipedia the status of Higgs Boson is tentatively observed - a boson "consistent with" the higgs boson has been observed but as of July 2012, scientists have not conclusively identified it as the Higgs Boson.

   

 New Invention and Discoveries in Fields of Chemistry

by: Angelique Juson

 An understanding of living organisms, including the human being have reached us through chemistry, the science dealing with materials, their composition, and the changes, which they undergo and by the help of chemistry our country undergoes different discoveries and inventions that help us to help us to make our life more easier. 

 Here some discoveries that our researcher says that happiness might appear before fortunate events it means that our adaptation major life events is not the only factor to influence our well-being another discoveries is all about pro-social video games they make this for us so that it can make us happy and more helpful and the latest bulletin issues that all people all over the world is fun playing video games and computer games in the Philippines many children play different games in the internet that is makes them become addict it can also influence them to not go to school but it is not the intention of our chemist their intention is to make these discoveries not only to make our life easier it can also help us to make happy and enjoy their discoveries. 

 Not only their discoveries that are chemist can do they can also do invention for us like latest invention of LED bulbs that makes use of salmon DNA the LED bulb make the researcher from the University of Connecticut recently unveiled their latest invention and their invention have been used by many people not only in the Philippines but also in many countries that wants to see their invention. So chemistry can answer the needs of our society to the deep understanding of factors that govern and furnished control of chemical reactions and by the help by the new discoveries and inventions in fields of chemistry and by the help of people who made these discoveries and inventions for us. And our Filipino chemist have been enhancing the skills on how to make the useful invention in any country. 

So that we need be updated for the new inventions and discoveries related with chemistry because when we appreciate the inventions of our scientist it can help us understand and to know the different new invention that they are being made for us because by being updated for the new invention and discoveries that they are being made it can help us to enhance our knowledge.

The Discoveries in Chemistry

By: Aljon Espinosa

Nowadays our technology is now a sky high that is incomparable to the past works. Theirs a lot of new inventions and discoveries that keeps on improving over again as the years pass. Almost all things now is hi-tech due to the modernization of our world, with just one click you can able to do things without any hustle. As they says nothings is impossible if there is a technology. Here are some of the thousand discoveries in the field of chemistry of 2012: LAWN FURNITURE THAT CLEANS ITSELF ultraviolet rays are harnessed to zap bacteria and fungi, GLASSES ENHANCE SOCIAL INSTITUTION these glasses filter out light to amplify our social due-reading abilities, GRAPHENE COULD RUST-PROOF YOUR CAR a single layer of carbon atoms works as a mighty rust proofing agent, COATING KILLS SUPERBUGS a polymer could do what the strongest antibiotics can’t kill superbugs, TO GET FOSSILS GUTS EXTREME CHEMISTRY NEEDE a dedicated paleontologist live for five weeks in an abounded chicken coop in China to discover the worlds famous fossils are the product of a triple Decker dose of extreme ocean chemistry and lastly the EXTREME LIFE: THAWIN ICE REVIVES ANCIENT BACTERIA like Han Solo frozen in carbonate, bacteria entombed in polar ice sheets can live in suspended animation. Now they are emerging as the ice melts.

-New planet discovered in our Milky Way-

by: Bernie Galve

  

         “The more you know the more you don’t know”, these are words that were uttered by the Albert Einstein, of the most intelligent scientist in the world. This is really true. For now, there are things that are still vague to us. One of these unknown things is the planets in the universe. Let me talk about the newly discovered object in our Milky Way.

According to the new research, another undiscovered planet might be orbiting at the dark fringers. It could be easily spotted by a telescope. This unseen planet appear to be making by the presence felt by disturbing the so caned kuiper belt objects, said by an astronomer at the National Observatory of Brazil in Rio de Janeiro, his name is Rodney Gomes.

A so called Kuiper belt objects are small icy bodies. It includes some dwarf planets. It lies beyond Neptune’s orbit.

For example, the dwarf planet Pluto was once a planet in our solar system. This was one of the largest Kuiper belt objects, about 1400 miles (2300) Kilometers) wide. Twelve other objects are hundreds of mile across and every year there are more new discoveries. Another people say that they were three Pluto? That is possible to be dwarf planet. This is an appetizer of my discussion so we could back to the main topic.

According to his new calculations, they were half dozen kuiper belt objects including remote body called Sedna. Sedna are in strange orbits compared to be they should by it is based in an existing solar system models.

“The objects unexpected orbits have a few possible explanations”, said Gomes. He presented his findings in Timberline Lodge, Oregon on a meeting of the American Astronomical Society.

“But I think the easiest one is a planetary mass solar companion.” On the Kuiper belt objects a planet that orbits very far out from the sun but that is massive enough to be having gravitational effects.

Gomes’s have his new work that we analyze the orbits of 92 Kuiper belt objects and he compared the results to a computer model of how does the bodies should be distributed, with and without an additional planet.

Gomes concludes that if there’s no distant world, the models do not produce a highly elongated orbit we can be seen for six of the objects. Gomes thinks Neptune was about four times bigger in our planet Earth, orbiting 140 billion miles (225 billion kilometers) away from the sun that farther than the earth about 1500 times.

It upgrades the sources in the chemistry studies which is very essential in this field of science. This planet for us and can give us new style of living. It can be the new source of knowledge. We can be benefited by this. The only question is how we can use to go there and is it a livable planet or not; and how can we go there and how do you invent such a vehicle that is faster?

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